forms组件

校验字段功能

针对一个实例：注册用户讲解。

模型：models.py

class UserInfo(models.Model):    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)    pwd=models.CharField(max_length=32)    email=models.EmailField()    tel=models.CharField(max_length=32)

模板: register.html:

    
         Title
     
          {
    % csrf_token %}    
              
       用户名        
       
    
      
    
              
       密码        
       
    
      
    
              
       确认密码        
       
    
      
     
              
       邮箱

视图函数：register

# forms组件from django.forms import widgetswid_01=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
   "class":"form-control"})wid_02=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={
   "class":"form-control"})class UserForm(forms.Form):    name=forms.CharField(max_length=32,                         widget=wid_01                         )    pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)    r_pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)    email=forms.EmailField(widget=wid_01)    tel=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_01)def register(request):    if request.method=="POST":        form=UserForm(request.POST)        if form.is_valid():            print(form.cleaned_data)       # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值        else:            print(form.cleaned_data)       #            print(form.errors)             # ErrorDict : {"校验错误的字段":["错误信息",]}            print(form.errors.get("name")) # ErrorList ["错误信息",]        return HttpResponse("OK")    form=UserForm()    return render(request,"register.html",locals())

渲染标签功能

渲染方式1

    
         Title   
         
     注册页面
         
              
                       
        
                             {
    % csrf_token %}                    
                                 
          用户名                        {
    { form.name }}                    
         
                    
                                 
          密码                        {
    { form.pwd }}                    
         
                    
                                 
          确认密码                        {
    { form.r_pwd }}                    
         
                    
                                 
           邮箱                        {
    { form.email }}

渲染方式2


     
                          {
    % csrf_token %}                                        {
    % for field in form %}                        
                                  
       {
   { field.label }}                            {
    { field }}                        
      
                    {
    % endfor %}

渲染方式3


     
          {
    % csrf_token %}        {
    { form.as_p }}

显示错误与重置输入信息功能

视图

def register(request):    if request.method=="POST":        form=UserForm(request.POST)        if form.is_valid():            print(form.cleaned_data)       # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值        else:            print(form.cleaned_data)       #            print(form.errors)             # ErrorDict : {"校验错误的字段":["错误信息",]}            print(form.errors.get("name")) # ErrorList ["错误信息",]        return render(request,"register.html",locals())    form=UserForm()    return render(request,"register.html",locals())

模板


     
          {
    % csrf_token %}        {
    % for field in form %}        
                  
       {
   { field.label }}            {
    { field }} 
       {
   { field.errors.0 }}        
      
    {
    % endfor %}

局部钩子与全局钩子

模板

# forms组件from django.forms import widgetswid_01=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
   "class":"form-control"})wid_02=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={
   "class":"form-control"})from django.core.exceptions import ValidationErrorclass UserForm(forms.Form):    name=forms.CharField(max_length=32,                         widget=wid_01                         )    pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)    r_pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)    email=forms.EmailField(widget=wid_01)    tel=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_01)    # 局部钩子    def clean_name(self):        val=self.cleaned_data.get("name")        if not val.isdigit():            return val        else:            raise ValidationError("用户名不能是纯数字!")    # 全局钩子    def clean(self):        pwd=self.cleaned_data.get("pwd")        r_pwd=self.cleaned_data.get("r_pwd")        if pwd==r_pwd:            return self.cleaned_data        else:            raise ValidationError('两次密码不一致!')def register(request):    if request.method=="POST":        form=UserForm(request.POST)        if form.is_valid():            print(form.cleaned_data)       # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值        else:            clean_error=form.errors.get("__all__")        return render(request,"register.html",locals())    form=UserForm()    return render(request,"register.html",locals())

视图


     
                  {
    % csrf_token %}            {
    % for field in form %}                
                          
       {
   { field.label }}                    {
    { field }}                    
                                 {
    % if field.label == 'R pwd' %}                          {
   { clean_error.0 }}                          {
    % endif %}                          {
    { field.errors.0 }}                                    
      
            {
    % endfor %}